How should I speak to my children about sex—and why is this important for their personal development?
Cover How should I speak to my children about sex, and why is this important for their personal development?
How should I speak to my children about sex—and why is this important for their personal development?

For She Speaks, Vera Lui, certified sex educator, founder of the intimate lifestyle store Sally Coco and co-founder of the Women’s Festival, shares the importance of having open conversations with children about sex—and how to approach them

Growing up in Hong Kong during the '80s, my sexual education was a patchwork of trial and error. My mother’s vague warnings and a biology teacher too uncomfortable to teach anatomy left me in the dark. It wasn’t until I was 23 that I experienced my first orgasm by exploring my body with a pleasure toy, a moment that was about reclaiming my body and understanding that sex was more than just pleasing a partner.

These experiences highlighted the lack of accessible sexual education resources, especially in Cantonese. That’s probably why I went viral when I started posting myth-busting videos about the G-spot, how to find the clitoris and more on YouTube and Instagram. It was clear that people in Hong Kong were eager to learn more about their bodies.

I truly believe that we need to normalise comprehensive sexual education because sexuality is a fundamental part of who we are. Proper sex education is about embracing and understanding this aspect of our identity. From boundaries to body image, health and moral values: it encapsulates so much more, and that’s why the conversation should start as early as possible.

Read more: From navigating censorship to overcoming taboo, the challenge of normalising sexual wellness in Asia

Why is it important to talk to children about sex? 

People don’t always understand when I say that sex education should start from the earliest age, because people too often associate sex with sexual pleasure only. But, first and foremost, sex is linked to our moral values, body image, self-esteem, communication skills and boundaries. Without proper guidance, children might turn to unreliable sources like pornography for answers.

I’ve met 16-year-old girls who were saving money because they found their labia asymmetrical—and thus “ugly”, and others of the same age who let their first boyfriends dictate whether they should take birth control or not—because they thought it was a proof of love. Open conversations about sexual well-being and health can prevent these situations from happening. 

What are the risks of avoiding sex education conversations? 

Avoiding these crucial conversations can lead to serious consequences, including increased risks of sexually transmitted infections and image-based sexual violence. Recent studies by the Family Planning Association of Hong Kong reveal alarming statistics about youth exposure to pornography and online exploitation, highlighting the urgent need for comprehensive sex education.

The Family Planning Association of Hong Kong (FPAHK) has conducted The Youth Sexuality Study (YSS) every five years since 1981. In 2021, around 60 per cent of girls and 65 per cent of boys had been exposed to pornographic content on social media, up from 33 per cent and 59 per cent respectively in 2016. Around 3 per cent of girls and around 7 per cent of boys had engaged in naked chats, up from 1 per cent and 2 per cent respectively in 2016. The proportion of those who had been bullied online remained at around 10 per cent in 2016. Around 5 per cent of girls and 9 per cent of boys had experienced image-based sexual violence. Around 17 per cent of girls and 24 per cent of boys received pornographic messages or images; 5 per cent of girls and 11 per cent of boys have sent them to others.

Sex education is not just about “sex”. Yes, it teaches about the cognitive, emotional, physical and social aspects of sexuality. But, it also addresses psychological, social and emotional issues, promoting human rights, gender equality and cultural relevance. It empowers learners with critical thinking, communication and life skills to foster healthy relationships and social responsibility. The primary focus should be to empower individuals with knowledge and create a safe space for them to ask questions and make informed choices in the future. 

Access to knowledge about sexual wellness is a human right. Being deprived of it can become a threat to individuals’ health and well-being while reinforcing gender stereotypes and gender-based violence.

How should we have these conversations? 

As a parent: 

First, as a parent, observe your own biases towards sex. If you’re ashamed to start this conversation or embarrassed to answer your child’s questions: ask yourself why? Until they find answers by themselves, children will look up to you and will adopt similar behaviour towards sex. Ensure that you become an “askable parent”. 

Be sex-positive, whether your child and you share the same gender. Look at your child’s curiosity as an opportunity. Answer their questions—in a way that’s appropriate for their age, but don’t ignore their doubts. When you’re not sure of what to say, find the answer together. From children’s books about “where babies come from” and websites to guide your teenager through “first times”: a multitude of diverse and highly educative resources exist online. Please don’t be shy.

At all ages: 

A comprehensive sexual education starts with teaching your kids the correct words to use to talk about their anatomy. There's no need for nicknames. Show them that their voice matters and that they can express boundaries around the way they want to be held or touched. 

Before puberty starts, explain to them what their body is going to go through—from weight gain to hair, hormone changes and periods—and normalise these changes so they don’t become ashamed of them. Teach them how to use the internet properly. Tell them how to react to porn sites ads (because they will see them, whether you like it or not). Talk to them about gender roles and how to respect one another.

As a teenager, start discussions about what love and friendships truly are: what a healthy relationship is; how to communicate with others; how to voice out and respect one’s needs. Talk about sexual health and contraception, and about the potential risks and consequences. This is also a good time to mention pleasure, their anatomy and what they can explore from intimate moments with themselves and their partners. Don’t shy away from these conversations: show your child that you are comfortable having them so they come back to you anytime they have concerns. 

I'll repeat it again and again: having safe, enjoyable and respectful sex when the time is right can only be built through early and thorough sex education. By giving the right tools to children, we will give them the power to use them properly through different stages of life for their own well-being.

By equipping children with the tools and knowledge, we empower them to navigate life’s complexities with confidence and respect for themselves and others.

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